Solid fuel heating boiler

When you need to solve the problem of heating a private house, you first need to decide on the available type of fuel. If it is solid (wood, peat briquettes or coal), then the heating boiler is also needed from what runs on solid fuel. Heat sources in this case are coal, firewood, wood chips, sawdust briquettes, straw or husks.

Calculation of a solid fuel heating boiler

If you need to calculate the power of a solid fuel boiler, it can be simplified as follows: for heating 10 m² with a ceiling height of three meters, 1 kW of power is needed. So, if your house has an area of ​​100 m², you need a boiler with a capacity of 10 kW / h. But if the house does not have additional insulation, then it is better to multiply this value by a factor of 1.3.

Types of solid fuel heating boilers

All boilers for hot water heating on solid fuels have a number of common features. They use the heat from the combustion of solid fuels. But there are signs by which they can be classified:

1. According to the material of the boiler itself and its heat exchanger:

• steel — lighter, but with a shorter service life, fire and condensate will quickly destroy such a boiler;
• cast iron — solid fuel heating boilers, characterized by high weight and good corrosion resistance, are more durable.

By type of fuel used:

• boilers with separate fireboxes and two heat exchangers, which can burn different types of fuel;
• universal boilers capable of operating on different types of solid fuels;
• boilers that can operate on only one type of fuel.

According to the principle of fuel combustion:

• classic combustion — with a large firebox, where combustion occurs naturally, the design requires a temperature control sensor with manual adjustment of the air damper;
• long burning — can be divided into «smoldering» and pyrolysis solid fuel heating boilers. The latter have 2 chambers, combustion first occurs under conditions of lack of oxygen, and it is the release of wood gas under the influence of high temperatures that is called pyrolysis. In the second chamber, the released mixture of gases is burned under conditions of excess oxygen. The efficiency of such systems reaches 90%, one load of fuel is enough to ensure combustion for 12 hours. «Smoldering» boilers are designed so that the combustion process occurs from top to bottom, and the water jacket is located around the entire perimeter of the boiler. Such units have a large volume of the loading chamber, so you will not need to fill in fuel for several days.

Advantages of solid fuel boilers

The main advantage of such equipment is the low cost of fuel — firewood, coal, briquettes, etc. In addition, these boilers are highly environmentally friendly and reliable.

Such boilers are powerful sources of heat. It does not matter at all whether there is gas or electricity in the house or nearby. They are completely autonomous in this sense.

A significant advantage is that many types of cats run on both wood and cheaper fuel. Often, anthracite, certain types of coal or briquettes are used as fuel.

Solid fuel boilers have good protection against overheating, and some models are even equipped with automatic cleaning systems.

The use of such equipment requires strict adherence to safety measures. Sometimes you need to check the correct operation and remember to supply fuel in a timely manner.

Domestic solid fuel heating boilers

Solid fuel boilers manufactured in the Russian Federation:

• «Kupper»;



• «Prometheus»;
• «Don»;
• «KCHM»;
• «Bourgeois-K»;
• «ZOTA»;
• «F.B.R.Zh».

Solid fuel boilers of Belarusian production:

• «Mozyr»;
• Logano (AquaBrest).

Solid fuel boilers of Ukrainian production:

• «Lighthouse»;
• «Spark».