The authorities of Russian cities are increasingly paying close attention to the appearance of streets, avenues and courtyards of settlements. Illegal buildings are being removed, flowerbeds are broken, facades are being restored. Split-system air conditioners did not go unnoticed either, the outdoor units of which often change the appearance of the building, and not for the better.
Split system — the most popular type of air conditioners in the city — consists of two blocks. The indoor unit is located indoors and does not interfere with anyone, while the outdoor unit (if you do not hide it in a special niche) can spoil the appearance of the building. TopClimat.ru studied the rules for the improvement of million-plus cities in Russia in order to find out what requirements are imposed on the installation of outdoor units of air conditioners.
Moscow
In order to prevent the situation that developed in the abnormally hot summer of 2010, when Muscovites, literally suffocating from hot air, had to coordinate the installation of an air conditioner for a long time, in March 2011, the Moscow government, at the initiative of Sergei Sobyanin, amended the resolution «On approval of standards for the operation of the housing stock» eliminating the need for reconciliation.
However, at cultural heritage sites, the installation of outdoor units of air conditioners is allowed only from the side of the courtyard facades. The mayor’s office plans to develop similar requirements for the rest of the housing stock.
Decree of the Government of Moscow dated July 31, 2007 N 651-PP (as amended on March 28, 2012) “On approval of the standard of the city of Moscow “Maintenance and repair of facades of buildings and structures”
2. Maintenance of facades of buildings and structures 2.10. Installation of air conditioners on the facades of buildings should be carried out according to design estimates in accordance with the requirements of clause 11.4 of SNiP 2.04.05-91, which provide for organized condensate drainage. For the installation of outdoor technical equipment (air conditioners, antennas, etc.) on the facades of buildings, owners, owners, users, tenants, tenants of buildings, residential and non-residential premises are required to obtain approval in the prescribed manner.
St. Petersburg
In the northern capital of Russia, the Rules for the maintenance and repair of facades of buildings and structures are in force, according to which it is prohibited to place outdoor units of air conditioners on the front facades. Instead, it offers the possibility of installing roof air conditioners, placing equipment on loggias and balconies, in window and arched openings, as well as on courtyard facades.
The placement of additional equipment on the facades of buildings belonging to historical and cultural monuments must be agreed with the relevant authorities.
Decree of the Government of St. Petersburg dated September 14, 2006 N 1135 (as amended on September 20, 2012) «On approval of the Rules for the maintenance and repair of facades of buildings and structures in St. Petersburg»
4. Additional facade equipment
4.1. General provisions
4.1.1. Additional facade equipment refers to modern technical support systems for the internal operation of buildings and structures and equipment elements placed on facades.
4.1.2. Any actions related to the placement of additional equipment on the facades must be coordinated with the Committee for Urban Planning (KGA), and for cultural heritage sites and in the zones of protection of cultural heritage sites — with the Committee for State Control, Use and Protection of Monuments (KGIOP), and as well as the owners of buildings and structures.
4.2. Types of additional equipment
4.2.2. According to their purpose, additional equipment is divided into three groups:
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technical support systems for the internal operation of buildings (outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems, ventilation ducts, antennas, outdoor surveillance cameras);
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urban equipment (payphones, mailboxes, ATMs, clocks, city passenger transport stop signs, traffic signs);
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technical equipment (traffic lights, equipment for ensuring the movement of urban passenger electric transport, lighting the territory of St. Petersburg, cable lines, wall electrical panels).
4.3. Requirements for placement of additional equipment
4.3.2. Placement of elements of technical support for the internal operation of buildings is allowed subject to the following requirements:
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placement outside the surface of the front facade;
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minimum exit of technical devices to the surface of the facade;
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compact built-in layout;
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masking of outdoor units, parts;
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grouping a number of elements on a common carrier basis;
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binding to a single system of axes on the facade.
4.3.6. Placement of outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems is allowed:
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on the roof of buildings and structures (rooftop air conditioners with internal air ducts);
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at the top of window and door openings,
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in the windows of the basement floor without going beyond the plane of the facade using masking fences (lattices, blinds);
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on courtyard facades, firewalls — in an orderly manner, with reference to a single system of axes on the facade;
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on loggias, in niches — in the most inconspicuous places;
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in an arched opening at a height of at least 3.0 m from the ground.
4.3.7. The installation of air conditioning and ventilation systems without an outdoor unit with air supply through a hole in the wall with a diameter of up to 0.15 m, hidden by a fence, is allowed everywhere (for cultural heritage sites — in agreement with KGIOP).
4.3.8. Placement of outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems is not allowed:
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on the surface of the front facades;
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on courtyard facades of historical and cultural value (according to the conclusion of KGIOP);
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over pedestrian sidewalks;
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in window and door openings protruding beyond the plane of the facade without the use of masking fences.
4.3.11. Outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems, antennas should be placed in an orderly manner, with reference to the architectural design of the facade and a single system of axes, using standard fastening and fencing structures, when placing a number of elements — on a common carrier base. Placement on architectural details, decorative elements, surfaces with valuable architectural finishes, as well as fastening leading to damage to architectural surfaces, are not allowed.
Kazan
In Kazan, the city hosting the Universiade this year, in connection with an important event, some changes were made to the Improvement Rules.
Now outdoor units of air conditioners on buildings located along the streets of the city are allowed to be installed only from the side of courtyards.
Thus, the authorities of the capital of Tatarstan decided to ennoble the appearance of the ancient city. Residents had to remove the already installed equipment, and Kazan residents did not receive monetary compensation for this.
Decision of the Kazan City Duma dated June 7, 2012 N 4-14 «On approval of the Rules for the improvement of the city of Kazan»
29. During the operation of facades, it is not allowed:
29.22. placement of outdoor air conditioners and antennas on architectural details, decorative elements, surfaces with valuable architectural finishes, as well as fastening leading to damage to architectural surfaces;
32. Allowed:
32.2. placement of outdoor air conditioners and antennas on buildings located along city streets from the courtyard facades.
Rostov-on-Don
Even in southern Rostov-on-Don, where in the warm season, air conditioning is not a luxury, but a necessity, the city’s territory improvement rules include several points regarding the installation of outdoor units.
Here they require to coordinate the placement of any additional equipment on the facades, including outdoor units of air conditioners. In addition, the equipment must be installed so as not to disturb the overall architectural design of the facade.
Special requirements are also imposed on the color scheme of the equipment, which should not stand out from the general style of the building.
Decision of the Rostov-on-Don City Duma dated June 13, 2012 N 282 «On approval of the Rules for the improvement of the territory of the city of Rostov-on-Don»
18. Additional equipment of facades according to their purpose is divided into three groups:
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technical support systems for the internal operation of buildings (external — blocks of air conditioning and ventilation systems, ventilation ducts, antennas, outdoor surveillance cameras);
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urban equipment (payphones, mailboxes, ATMs, clocks, stop signs for urban passenger transport, traffic signs, advertising structures);
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technical equipment (traffic lights, equipment for ensuring the movement of urban passenger electric transport, lighting the territory of Rostov-on-Don, cable lines, wall electrical panels).
19. Any actions related to the placement of additional equipment on the facades must be agreed with the authorized bodies and owners of buildings and structures. The composition of additional equipment and placement should be linked to the architectural solution, complex equipment and facade design. It is not allowed to place additional equipment on architectural details, decorative elements, surfaces with valuable architectural finishes, as well as fastening that leads to damage to architectural surfaces.
21. Outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems, antennas should be placed in an orderly manner, with reference to the architectural design of the facade and a single system of axes, using standard fastening and fencing structures, when placing a number of elements — on a common carrier base.
22. Outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems are placed in the upper part of window and display openings, in the plane of glazing with the use of masking devices (grilles, blinds, screens), the color scheme of which must match the tone of the glazing.
Chelyabinsk
In 2011, the placement of air conditioners on the front facades of buildings was prohibited in the Urals city of a million people, Chelyabinsk. Here the rules are very similar to the requirements in St. Petersburg.
Outdoor units of air conditioners can only be placed on courtyard facades, with the exception of houses of historical value, on firewalls, loggias and window openings.
The city authorities believe that such requirements will ennoble the appearance of the industrial city.
Appendix to the decision of the Chelyabinsk City Duma of October 25, 2011 No. 28/11 «Rules for the maintenance, repair and restoration of facades of buildings and structures in the city»
VI. Additional facade equipment
39. Additional facade equipment (hereinafter — additional equipment) means modern systems for technical support of the internal operation of buildings and structures and equipment elements placed on facades. Distinctive features of additional equipment are modern standard design, unification and utilitarian purpose.
43. The main types of additional equipment are: outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems, ventilation ducts, antennas, outdoor surveillance cameras, payphones, mailboxes, clocks, ATMs, cable lines, wall electrical panels.
45. Requirements for the placement of additional equipment:
4) placement of elements of technical support systems for the internal operation of buildings is allowed outside the surface of the front facade, subject to a minimum exit of technical devices to the surface of the facade or their compact built-in location;
7) placement of outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems is allowed: on the roof of buildings and structures, in the upper part of window and door openings, in the windows of the basement floor without going beyond the plane of the facade using masking fences (grilles, blinds), on courtyard facades, firewalls — orderly, with reference to a single system of axes on the facade, on the loggias, in niches — in the most inconspicuous places;
8) it is not allowed to place outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems on the surface of front facades, on courtyard facades of historical and cultural value, in window and door openings protruding beyond the plane of the facade without using masking fences;
11) outdoor units of air conditioning and ventilation systems, antennas should be placed in an orderly manner, with reference to the architectural design of the facade and a single system of axes, using standard fastening and fencing structures, when placing a number of elements — on a common carrier base. Placement of the aforementioned systems on architectural details, decorative elements, surfaces with valuable architectural finishes, as well as their fastening, leading to damage to architectural surfaces, is not allowed;
In other largest cities of the country — Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Omsk, Ufa, Volgograd, Voronezh, Perm and Krasnoyarka, there are no special requirements for the installation of air conditioners. However, the trend is already there. Recently, an amendment to the rules for the improvement of the city, due to which the outdoor units will move from the front facades to the courtyards, was adopted in Tomsk.
In a few years, we will definitely return to this topic and see how the situation has changed.
Source: TopClimat.com