Equipment of block modular miniboilers

At present, in connection with the rise in industrial production, the construction of new and the expansion of existing enterprises and housing complexes, the use of local relatively small block modular mini-boilers is becoming more and more justified from the standpoint of reliability and energy efficiency.

The scope of block boiler houses is quite wide: heating objects under construction remote from the existing central heat source, heating of developing industrial enterprises that need to increase their heat and power capacities. Such boilers can be used for heat supply of bank and office buildings, school buildings or hotels, etc. It is also worth noting the possibility of using modular boilers in the event of an accident at a thermal power plant or a large boiler house as emergency heat sources. This makes it possible to prevent defrosting and failure of the heat supply system until the accident at the main heat source is eliminated.

The main advantages of decentralized heat supply when using mini-boilers are:

• compactness and lack of heating mains;

• high efficiency (usually manufacturers call the efficiency equal to 92%);

• automatic local regulation of heat supply depending on the required temperature in the room;

• durability of internal heating and hot water systems;

• reliability and simplicity of design and control;

• low noise during operation;

• operation in automatic mode, which does not require the constant presence of service personnel;

• automatic maintenance of the set temperature of the heat carrier.

Depending on the technological need, modular boiler houses include:

Block — box, i.e. the room where the equipment is located. The block-box can be equipped with heating and ventilation systems, there can be a shower room, a bathroom. If necessary, an alarm can be installed. For low-power modular mini-boilers, for example, for a cottage or a small production facility, a block box is not required.

Boiler. The boiler is the heart of an autonomous heating system and the key device of a modular boiler room. A modern boiler can be designed to operate on any type of fuel — gas, diesel fuel, coal, fuel oil, woodworking waste. There are also modular mini-boiler rooms using electric boilers, which are designed to supply heat to private houses and small administrative or industrial premises.

Burner device. In gas and liquid fuel boilers, preparation and combustion of fuel takes place in a special device — a burner (gas or liquid fuel, respectively). There are also universal burners that can operate on both types of fuel. Gas burners are divided into atmospheric (with an open combustion chamber) and fan (with a closed combustion chamber). A fan burner is a much more complex and expensive device than an atmospheric one. It is equipped with a fan that feeds air into the combustion chamber, thus ensuring an accurate amount of air and therefore a high efficiency.

Pumps. Circulation pumps circulate the coolant in the pipes of heating and hot water supply systems (DHW). Make-up pumps provide water supply from the cold water supply system to maintain the required volume of coolant in the system.

Heat exchangers. Heat exchangers of the internal (boiler) circuit transfer heat from the boiler to the coolant. Heat exchangers for hot water supply combine the circuits of the boiler heat carrier and hot water supply. There is no mixing of water in the heat exchangers — the heating water from the heat source is in contact with the heated water through the walls of the heat exchanger.

Expansion tank. The expansion tank serves to compensate for the increase in the volume of the coolant with an increase in its temperature and to maintain the system pressure at a given level.

Gas reduction and metering unit. Used in gas boilers, regulates the gas supply.

Energy metering unit. New energy-saving heating systems — accounting for thermal energy. Accounting is necessary to ensure the accuracy of settlements between the energy consumer and the supplier. In practice, the installation of metering devices, as a rule, allows you to get a tangible economic effect. This is due to the overestimation of the calculated values ​​of thermal loads by energy supplying organizations, as well as the discrepancy between the actual heat consumption of objects and the design loads. Integrated supply and adjustment of heat meter sets, which include heat meters, flow meters, temperature sensors, overpressure sensors, allows the consumer not only to speed up the process of completing accounting, but also to avoid errors during installation and configuration.

Water treatment unit. Chemical water treatment helps to reduce scaling and corrosion of internal pipes and equipment. Complete set of chemical water treatment unit:

• water softener (to soften water hardness);

• make-up pump;

• make-up tank (used to store a supply of water used to feed heating and hot water systems);

• automatic filling of the make-up tank, automatic protection against «dry running» of the make-up pump.

Chimney. In block boilers it is necessary to use chimneys made of acid-resistant and heat-resistant stainless steel. To reduce the possibility of condensation of flue gases, thermal insulation is provided.

Electrical equipment. With the help of electrical equipment, the operation of various devices in the boiler room is ensured: pumps, automation systems, electric drives for control and shutoff valves, etc.

Instrumentation and automation. Today, reliable and efficient operation of engineering equipment is unthinkable without modern automation systems, this fully applies to mini-boilers.
Modern automation systems implement the following functions:

• display on the computer screen of the state of boilers and general boiler equipment with varying degrees of detail;

• control of boiler room facilities in all operating modes, including start-up and shutdown;

• regulation of technological parameters in a given mode;

• remote control of all electrified equipment of the boiler room;

• technological protection and blocking with remembering the root cause of the accident;

• command execution control;

• protection of the system from accidental or unauthorized exposure;

• logging of operator’s actions;

• alarm light, sound;

• formation of a database of initial and calculated information;

• archiving data on the state of the technological object, on the progress of the technological process, the actions of operational personnel, unauthorized access to control and other data .;

• creation of printed reports.

For the purpose of automated process control, industrial controllers, modern cabinets and control panels equipped with programmable logic controllers, touch control panels and information display are used.

Frequency regulation is used to control electric motors, which ensures a smooth start and the required speed, and this reduces electricity consumption by up to 50% and increases the life of mechanisms such as smoke exhausters, fans, feed pumps, etc.

To date, the market offers a wide range of equipment for boiler rooms, both domestic and imported. Often, equipment and components of foreign manufacturers are used in mini-boiler houses of domestic production. Modern equipment makes it possible to achieve high efficiency and reliability of the units produced and meets all the requirements of environmental organizations.
In any case, a feasibility study is necessary to make a decision on the use of a mini-boiler house for a particular object, therefore, when choosing options for heating an object, you should contact professionals. Competent specialists will help you choose the best solution, taking into account all the features of the object and the wishes of the customer.

Source: TopClimat.com