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In our country, solid fuel boilers are used quite widely, especially in the «forest» regions, where the cost of wood fuel is low. This is a convenient option for heating the house, given some of the nuances that any owner of the boiler should know.
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The cost of solid fuel
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Solid fuel boiler needs regular maintenance
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Pyrolysis boiler and upper combustion boiler
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Using a thermal storage
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Additional heating costs
According to TopClimat portal research, solid fuel boilers are second only to electric boilers in popularity and surpass gas boilers. This is due to two important circumstances: many villages still do not have a connection to the gas network, and vice versa, in many regions of Russia, heating by burning wood fuel is the most economical option.
By the way, solid fuel boilers are popular not only here, but also abroad. Especially pellet boilers.
The cost of solid fuel
According to TopClimat research, solid fuel boilers are second only to electric boilers in popularity and outperform gas boilers.
Solid fuel boilers can run on coal, wood, wood briquettes, pellets, etc. As a rule, the most profitable option is on pellets, but the owner, before choosing a specific boiler model, should first ask if he can buy pellets on a regular basis at a good price.
Pellets are wood fuel pellets pressed from waste products from the woodworking industry. Therefore, they are relatively inexpensive, but the cheapest cost is where there is an appropriate production. By the way, the efficiency of a pellet boiler can reach 91% — comparable to a gas one.
As already mentioned, in regions with developed timber processing, the cost of almost any wood fuel is low. It is estimated that on average, the owner of a solid fuel boiler spends 2-3 or even more times less money per year than the owner of a gas boiler, not to mention an electric one.
Solid fuel boiler Evan Viking 18
Another important point. The operation of a solid fuel boiler will be the more profitable, the larger the area of u200bu200byour house. True, you will have to add on the additional costs associated with the delivery and storage of wood fuel.
Why, then, do we not switch to solid fuel everywhere? There are several reasons.
Solid fuel boiler needs regular maintenance
Unlike gas and electric boilers, solid fuel will definitely not let its owner relax. No matter how efficient a wood-fired boiler is, you will have to make sure that this fuel gets into it. There are models of solid fuel boilers that can work up to 36 hours on one fuel tab, but in any case, you will have to take care of putting firewood, briquettes or pellets into it. And you will have to do it.
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In addition to laying firewood, you will also have to take care of cleaning the boiler from ash and the chimney from soot, from regular checks of draft, which tends to change depending on weather conditions. The frequency of laying firewood, by the way, depends on the operation of the boiler automation, if any. And it’s better if she is! In general, you will need to devote about half an hour to all this regularly, from 1 time per day. Otherwise, problems are possible. Therefore, many manufacturers recommend purchasing a solid fuel boiler in combination with a boiler that uses another type of fuel, such as electricity.
Popular Models
Solid fuel boilers: all models
But a solid fuel boiler is almost indispensable in a house in which residence is of a periodic nature.
Pyrolysis boiler and upper combustion boiler
One of the problems of solid fuel boilers is their low environmental friendliness, because. During combustion, a lot of harmful emissions are released. Therefore, some countries, such as the UK, are trying to limit or even prohibit the use of such boilers in households. To some extent, the problem of harmful emissions can be solved by the so-called pyrolysis boiler.
Solid fuel boiler with top combustion Jaspi 40 YPV
In pyrolysis boilers, the fuel combustion process is carried out in two stages, and the furnace itself consists of 2 parts. In the first part, which is also called the gasification chamber or the loading chamber, the wood starts the combustion process under oxygen-reduced conditions. At the same time, the fuel burns slowly and is pyrolyzed, and the gases released during pyrolization burn out in the second part of the furnace (it is also called the combustion chamber), where secondary air is supplied (double blast).
Why such difficulties? Two-stage combustion allows you to «squeeze» the maximum out of the fuel, so pyrolysis boilers have a longer burning time compared to traditional ones. More complete combustion of fuel makes it possible to carry out maintenance of the boiler less often. And most importantly — they generate less harmful emissions into the atmosphere. There is also a minus — the price of pyrolysis boilers is 1.5-2 times higher than that of ordinary ones.
But there are boilers even more economical and autonomous than pyrolysis boilers, these are upper combustion boilers. In short, they differ from traditional ones in that the air supply to them and the combustion process itself are limited only to the upper part of the fuel layer. What does it give the consumer? You will be able to load a large amount of fuel into the furnace at a time, and, accordingly, throw it there less often.
Do top loading boilers have disadvantages? Of course have. You still need to learn how to load such a boiler with fuel, and the wood itself must fit into the specified parameters for humidity and have certain dimensions. Well, they have a higher price.
Using a thermal storage
The most rational option for heating a house with a solid fuel boiler is to implement a scheme with the installation of a heat accumulator or a buffer tank. You can read more about what a heat accumulator is, how it works, and what you should know about this very important element of a modern heating system here.
Additional heating costs
But the purchase and installation of a heat accumulator is far from all the costs that, even without the cost of purchasing fuel, the owner of a solid fuel boiler will have to bear. Unlike other types of boilers, such as gas or electric ones, which can be connected to the heating system almost immediately, owners of solid fuel boilers will need to do a number of additional procedures and, accordingly, incur additional costs.
Before starting operation, you will have to make a piping of a solid fuel boiler
So, before starting operation, you will have to make the boiler piping. In other words, choose and implement a heating scheme for your home. No supplier of solid fuel boilers will provide you with such necessary elements, without which a heating system with a solid fuel boiler cannot function, such as circulation pumps or expansion tanks. All this will have to be purchased and installed additionally.
As well as protective devices, without which the operation of the boiler can be dangerous. Remember, it is always worth choosing a strapping option that includes an emergency circuit.
In summary, a solid fuel boiler is a good choice if you know what price you will be paying for fuel savings and are willing to pay that price.
How to choose a solid fuel boiler 
✮Large selection of solid fuel boilers on the portal TopClimat.ru
Source: TopClimat.ru
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